摘 要:为提高自主移动机器人(AMR)在复杂动态环境中的运行效率,提出基于双向 A* 算法进行路径规划和基于激光SLAM 加人工势场法进行局部路径规划的混合导航算法。通过实验验证了算法的可行性和有效性,并得出以下结论:该混合算法可以帮助机器人更快地规划处到达目标的最优路径,且平滑性更好;该混合算法对机器人行进路径上随机出现的障碍物具有更好的避障能力,且占用系统资源较少。
关键词:A* 算法;人工势场算法;动态路径规划
DOI:10.19850/j.cnki.2096-4706.2022.15.037
基金项目:2021 年度广东省科技创新战略专项资金(“攀登计划”专项资金)项目(pdjh2021b0635)
中图分类号:TP18;TP24 文献标识码:A 文章编号:2096-4706(2022)15-0139-09
Improvement of Hybrid Navigation Algorithm for Autonomous Mobile Robot (AMR)
SUN Ming1, 2, CHEN Rihui 2, CHEN Yan2, CHEN Xiaobing2
(1.Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China; 2.Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai 519041, China)
Abstract: In order to improve the operation efficiency of Autonomous Mobile Robot (AMR) in complex dynamic environments, a hybrid navigation algorithm based on two-way A* algorithm for path planning and local path planning based on laser SLAM and Artificial Potential Field algorithm is proposed. The feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm are verified by experiments, and the following conclusions are drawn: The hybrid algorithm can help the robot to plan the optimal path to the target faster and has better smoothness. The hybrid algorithm has better obstacle avoidance ability for obstacles appearing randomly on the travel path of robot, and it occupies less system resources.
Keywords: A* algorithm; Artificial Potential Field algorithm; dynamic path planning
参考文献:
[1] HAN J,SEO Y. Mobile robot path planning with surrounding point set and path improvement [J].Applied Soft Computing,2017,57:35-47.
[2] 陈明建,林伟,曾碧 . 基于滚动窗口的机器人自主构图路径规划 [J]. 计算机工程,2017,43(2):286-292.
[3] 石为人,黄兴华,周伟 . 基于改进人工势场法的移动机器人路径规划 [J]. 计算机应用,2010,30(8):2021-2023.
[4] 孙扬智 . 基于双层模糊逻辑控制的智能小车研究 [D]. 成都:西南交通大学,2016.
[5] 章淑君,曹建成 . 基于 DijKstar 算法的最短路径功能的实现方法 [J]. 测绘标准化,2005,21(2):30-32+36.
[6] DORIGO M,MANIEZZO V,COLORNI A.Ant system: optimization by a colony of cooperating agents [J].IEEE Transactions on Systems,Man and Cybernetics,Part B (Cybernetics),1996,26(1):29-41.
[7] 王雷,李明 . 改进自适应遗传算法在移动机器人路径规划中的应用 [J]. 南京理工大学学报,2017,41(5):627-633.
[8] 章淑君,曹建成 . 基于 DijKstar 算法的最短路径功能的实现方法 [J]. 测绘标准化,2005,21(2):30-32+36.
[9] 石志刚,梅松,邵毅帆,等 . 基于人工势场法的移动机器人路径规划研究现状与展望 [J]. 中国农机化学报,2021,42(12):182-188.
[10] HESS W,KOHLER D,RAPP H,et al.Real-time loop closure in 2D LIDAR SLAM [C]//2016 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation.IEEE,2016:1271-1278.
[11] 吴成鼎,姚剑敏,胡海龙 .Cartographer 2D SLAM 算法研究 [J]. 有线电视技术,2018(4):20-22.
[12] 张亮,刘智宇,曹晶瑛,等 . 扫地机器人增强位姿融合的 Cartographer 算法及系统实现 [J]. 软件学报,2020,31(9):2678-2690.
[13] KOHLBRECHER S,STRYK O,MEYER J. A flexible and scalable SLAM system with full 3D motion estimation [C]//2011 IEEE International Symposium on Safety,Security,and Rescue Robotics. IEEE,2011:155-160.
[14] HANTEN R,BUCK S,OTTE S. Vector-AMCL:Vector Based Adaptive Monte Carlo Localization for Indoor Maps [C]//IAS 2016:Intelligent Autonomous Systems 14.IEEE,2016:403-416.
[15] KATHIB O. Real-Time Obstacle Avoidance for Manipulators and Mobile Robots [M].New York:Springer,1986.
[16] MAUROVIĆ I,SEDER M,LENAC K,et al. Path Planning for Active SLAM Based on the D* Algorithm With Negative Edge Weights [J].IEEE Transactions on Systems,Man,and Cybernetics:Systems,2018,48(8):1321-1331.
作者简介:孙明(1985.02—),男,汉族,河南许昌人,教师,助理研究员,博士研究生在读,主要研究方向:运筹学和机器人控制与调度;陈日辉(2001.09—),男,汉族,广东湛江人,本科在读,研究方向:导航算法;陈燕(2001.02—),女,汉族,江苏盐城人,本科在读,研究方向:图论;陈小冰(2002.01—),女,汉族,广东汕尾人,本科在读,研究方向:运筹学。