摘 要：文章针对耳机主被动降噪问题，提出了一种声学边界元与有限元声振耦合算法，构建某型军用耳机的声场分析模型，完整建立耳罩内部各腔体以及振动单体，研究了耳机在不同耳罩结构时的内外声场分布，为耳机被动降噪提供了依据，为了进一步提高主动降噪性能，建立以耳罩声压频响为目标参数，指出了不同麦克风位置时的声压频响差异，该研究结果为耳机主动降噪工程研发提供了一种方法。
关键词：声学边界元；声振耦合；耳机；耳罩；主动降噪；被动降噪；有限元
DOI:10.19850/j.cnki.2096-4706.2021.06.011
中图分类号：TB535；O39 文献标识码：A 文章编号：2096-4706（2021）06-0042-06
Acoustic Vibration Coupling Analysis and Sound Field Optimization of Earphone Based on Boundary Element Method
LIN Yonglin1 ，LI Yajun2
（1.No.701 Factory of PLA（N），Beijing 100015，China；2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100049，China）
Abstract：Aiming at the problem of active and passive noise reduction of earphones，this paper proposes an acoustic boundary element and finite element acoustic vibration coupling algorithm，constructs a sound field analysis model of a certain type of military earphone，and establishes the internal cavities and vibration monomer of the earmuffs completely，and studies the internal and external acoustic field distribution of earphones with different earmuff structures，which provides a basis for passive noise reduction of earphones. In order to further improve the active noise reduction performance，the target parameter of the sound pressure frequency response of the earmuffs is established，and the difference of sound pressure frequency response at different microphone positions is pointed out. The research results provide a method for the research and development of active noise reduction engineering of earphones.
Keywords：acoustic boundary element；acoustic vibration coupling；earphone；earmuff；active noise reduction；passive noise reduction；finite element
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作者简介：林永霖（1979—），男，汉族，福建漳州人，工程 师，硕士，研究方向：信号处理、电子信息；黎亚军（1986—），男， 汉族，甘肃灵台人，工程师，博士，研究方向：有源噪声控制。